What is organic cotton?
Biological cotton, also called organic cotton, is a type of cotton grown without harmful chemicals such as herbicides and pesticides. This cotton is grown in the most natural way possible, without artificial fertilizers. Instead, the soil is kept healthy through crop rotation and other sustainable farming practices. This reduces water and energy consumption, which benefits both the environment and the cotton farmers and animals. In addition, the cotton plant is not genetically modified.
To what extent is organic cotton sustainable?
Although organic cotton is in some ways more environmentally friendly than traditional cotton farming, it is still an intensive form of agriculture. This is because the cotton plant itself requires a lot of water and soil to produce a good yield each year. In addition, organic cotton is more vulnerable to disease and pests. It is also important to note that the term "organic" says nothing about the further processing of the cotton. For example, some textile mills still use toxic chemicals and dyes in the production process.
To what extent is organic cotton fair?
The fact that cotton is grown organically does not guarantee fair compensation for cotton farmers or good working conditions for textile workers. Nor does it automatically mean that no child labor or slavery is involved. Fortunately, many clothing brands strive to sell ethically sourced clothing in addition to eco-friendly ones. If in doubt, you can always look for the Fairtrade Cotton label or the Fair Wear Foundation (FWF) label. Suitable only works with proven certified producers.